Means for cooling explosive-engines.



No. 885,498. PATENTED APE. 21, 1908.

. E.' Lf MANELIK. MEANS EOE COOLING EXPLosIVE ENGINES.

APPLIGATION FILED FEB. 4, 1907.

FRANK L. MANELIK, oF BURTON, omo. I

MEANS FOR` COOLING EXPLOSIVE-ENGINES Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aprn21, 1eo8. i

Application flied February 4, 1907. Serial No. 355,572.

To all whom it may concern: v

Be it known that I, FRANK L, MANELIK, residing at Burton, in the county of Geauga and State of Ohio, have invented a certain new'and useful Im rovement in Means for Coohng Explosive-Eingnes, of which the following is a full, clear, and eXact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings.

My invention relates to explosive engines, such as gasolene engines, and has for its object to prov1de an en ine of this type with means whereby the cy inder and piston may be cooled and wherein this result may be ac' complished with efficiency and simplicity and economy of construction.

I attain the` above results by the embodiment of my invention shown in the drawings, wherein Figure 1 represents a side elevation of so much of an engine and its parts as is necesof Fig. 2.

sary to show my invention. Fig. 2 represents a vert1cal sectional view through said eng1ne,some of the parts being shown in elevat1on. F1g. 3 represents a crosssectional v1ew on the vcorrespondingly-numbered line n Fig. 4 represents a similar view on the l1ne 4-4 of Fig. 2. Describingl now the parts of In'y mechanismby reference numerals, 1 designates the bed plate of my engine, having thereon a closedcrank case, sald case comprising suitable sidesand ends. The ends 2 are-pro vided with oppositelyarranged openings whlch are close by, bearing plates 3, having therem journals 4 for the shaft 5. Bearing plates 3ans -removably fitted tothe ends 2, as by bolts 6, and when in place completely close the crank case. g

On each side of the side plates 2 arelocated the casings 7 7a into which the opposite l portions of shaft 5 project. These casings partially inolose the fly wheels 8, 8 ofthe engine. The casings for the fly wheels may beV made of li ht metal suitably bolted to the bed plate and to the side plates 2. Each of the casings is open at the central portion thereof, to provide asuitable inlet `for air, 'for a pur ose to be hereinafter described.

The cy in dcr 9 of-the enginefis supported on to lof the .crank case, as by means of latL eral anges 10 resting on the to of said case and bolts 11 extending throug said flanges and the corresponding flanges on the crank case. The lower extremity of the cylinder 4'projects downwardly into the crank case a lof the flange 10 of the cylinder an considerable distance. The body of the c 1- inder is provided with numerous ara lel flanges 12, preferably integral therewith and .extending continuously around the outside thereof. Each flan e, as will appear more particularly from ig. 3, is provided with numerous perforations 13. The top of the cylinder is also provided with circular perforated flan es 14, said flanges being referably integra with the to )of the cylin er and being arranged-concentrically thereon. The flangerovided portion of the cylinder rojects a ove the crank case and is inclose by a casing 15, which engages the outer edges of the flanges 12 and 14 and is suitably spaced Ifrom the body of the cylinder thereby. At its bottom or lower end the casing 1s provided with a lateral flange 16, restin on top bolted thereto, as by the bolts 11, which secure the flan e 10 to the lateral flange on top of the cran case. The casing 15 is provided, about midway of the height thereof, witha series of perforations 1 7, for a purpose to be described hereinafter, and is also provided with one or more perforations 18, located between perforations 17 and the bottom of the casing.

Within the cylinder there is mounted the piston 19, which is of the trunk type and is suitably connected by crosspin 20 and connecting rod 21 with crank 22. The piston is provided with two series of flanges, one series 23 of which is integral with and projects downwardly from the to thereof into the interior of the trunk and t e othenseries 24 of which is circular and projects inwardly from the inner wall of the trunk. These flanges are provided with perforations 25 and 26 re- Ipectively', as shown more particularly in gs. 2 and 3.

27 denotes an inner casing or lining for the piston, the same being substantially frustoconical in shape and having the upper surface thereof abuttin flanges 23 and t e upper portion of the body thereof abutting agamst the inner edges of the flanges 24. The shape of the easin 27 forms a space with the'adjacent inner w l of the piston which decreases in width from the top of the casing towards the bottomthereof. Toward its lower end, the casing 27 is enlar edy at 27a to form an extended-,bearing wit the adjacent portion of the piston and may be provided with integral inwardlyprojecting lugs 28 for the reception vof the cross-pin 20 by which it is connected to the against the lower ends of the piston is shown in the position which it occupies when at the end of its up-stroke.

In this position, the aperture 29 in the wall' of the piston is in alinement with the opening 18 in the outer casing 15 and with the aperture 30 extending through the wall of the c linder. By means of a pair of opposite yarranged ribs or flanges 35 extending between the casing 27 and the piston from the enlargement 27a to the top of the casing, a passageway 36 is formed around and over the top of said casing and between the same and theinner surface of the piston.

31 denotes a pipe extending from the casing 7 which surrounds fly wheel 8 to the-top of casing 15, being connected with the top of.

said casing in any suitable manner. As will appear more particularly from Fi 1, fly wheel 8 and casing 7 are constructe to form a centrifugal fan. For this purpose the rim of the fly wheel provided with vanes 32, and the casin 7 is eccentric with relation to said ily whee. The lower end of pipe 31 communicates with the portion of casing 7 wherein the s ace formed between the same and the perip ery of the fly wheel is widest. The fly wheel 8a and its casing 7El are similarly constructed, but the fan space formed between the latter wheel and its casing communicates with the lower end of casing 15, as throu h passageway 33 formed in the lower end o 15.

With the parts constructed as described' said casing through the a ertures in the flan es 14 and the apertures m the flanges 12 on t e outside of the cylinder until it reaches l the apertures 17, whence it is discharged into l are attached are'effectivel the atmosphere. It will be observed that flanges 14 and 12 are arranged transversely to t e general direction of the travel of the air from the inlets into the casin points of discharge therefrom. Furti the perforations in adjacent flanges are staggered with respect to each other, and the a regate area of the perforations in eac ange does not eXceeed the sectional. area of either of the ducts 31, 33, causing .the air driven into the casing 15 to be spread over the entire surface of each flange, whereby said flanges and the cylinder to which they cooled. Meanwhile, air supplied by the an formed by fly wheel 8a and its Casin 7 will enter the lower portion `of the space ormed between casing 15 and the cylinder, will pass through the t the ermore,

erforati'ons in the flanges surrounding the Eody of the cylinder, and will also escape through apertures 17. It will be seen that the coolest air is supplied to the hottest ortions of the cylinder, viz., to the close or t'op end, where the explosion occurs, and to the lower portion where the friction between the piston and cylinder, due to the thrust of the connecting rod, is the freatest. While this operation is occurring, the piston will be cooled in the followin manner: On the down stroke of the piston t e air within the casin 27 and the crank ca se 2 will escape throug check valve 37 into the atmosphere. |As soon as the lower end of the piston covers the check valve, the air in the crank case will be compressed and will flow through an a erture 34 located in the wall of casing 27, ]ust above the enlargement 27 and on one side of ribs or flanges 35, up assageway 36, through the apertures in the anges 24, through apertures in flanges 23, down throu h a ertures in flan es 24 on the o posite sie o' ribs 35 and wiIl escape throng a ertures-29, 30 and 18. On the upstroke of t e piston, a partial -vacuum is formed in the crank case, and when the aperture 29 is brought into alinement with apertures 30 and 18, air flows through the said apertures, upwardly through perforations in flanges 24, passageway 36 on one side of ribs or flanges 35, throu h the perforations in flanges 23, downward y through the perforations in flanges 24 in passageway 36 on the other side of ribs or flanges 35 and though apertures 34 into the crank case. As is the case with flan es 12 and 14, flanges 23 and 24 are arrange transversely to the direction of travel of the air through the passageway 36 and the erforations in adjacent flanges are staggered? thus spreading the air over the entire surfaces of the flanges. It is unnecessary to extend the flanges to the lower end of the piston, as it is the upper end that is subjectedto the greatest heat due to the ignition and combustion of the gases in the cylinder.

From the construction as above described, it will be apparent that I have provided effective means for cooling both the pistons and the cylinders of explosive engines, and that this result is accomplished with a minimum number of parts, makingy the device both positive in operation and cheap of production.

Having described my invention, I claim:

1. VIn an explosive engine, the combination of a shaft, a cylinder, a casin surrounding said cylinder and spaced there rom and having an inlet and an outlet, flanges carried by said cylinder between the inlet and the outlet and' projecting across the space between the cylinder and casing and hav1n numerous fine perforations therein, the pe orat1ons of one flange being stag ered with respect to those on an adjacent ange, and means for plying air through said inlet, substantially as.

sup lying air to the casing inlet, substantial y as specified.

2. In an explosive engine, the combination in one flange, being staggered wit respect to those in an adjacent flange, and means for supplying air to said. inlets, substantially as speci ied.

3. In an explosive engine, the combination of a cylinder having a closed end, said end being provided with concentric flanges and the body of the cylinder being provided with surrounding flanges, a casing surrounding the closed end and body of said cylinder, the said flanges being provided with numerous perforations and the perforations in one flange being staggered with respect to those iny an adjacent flange, and fitting against the outer ends of the flanges, said casing being provided with an inlet at the central portion of the head and within the innermost of the concentric flanges thereon and with an outlet remote from said inlet, and means for supspecified.

4. In an explosive engine, the combination of a cylinder having a closed end, said end being provided with concentric flanges and the body of the cylinder being provided with surrounding flanges, the `said flanges being provided with numerous perforations and the perforations in one flange being staggered with respect to those in an adjacent flange, a casing surrounding the closed end and body of the cylinder and fitting against the outer ends of the flanges and'provided with an inlet at the central portion of the head within the innermost flange thereon, and with an inlet at the opposite end thereof andan out.

let intermediate between said inlets, a shaft,

,and means driven thereby for forcing aii` through said inlets, substantially as s ecified.

5. In an explosive engine, the com ination of' a cylinder, a shaft, a hollow piston within said cylinder, a closed crank case within which said shaft is mounted, and means for supplying a current of air from the case in contact with the interior of said piston on one stroke o1" the piston and for supplying air from the atmosphere in contact with the interior of' said piston. on the reverse stroke thereof, substantially as specified.

6. ln au explosive engine the combination of a closed crank case, a shaft therein, a cylinder, a hollow piston, a casing within said piston and spaced therefrom to form a passageway therewith, audfmeans for forcing air in one direction through the passageway between the casing and piston on the stroke of the latter-in one direction and for forcing air through said passageway in the reverse direction on the reverse stroke of said piston, substantially as specified.

7. In an explosive engine, the combination of a cylinder, a hollow piston, a liner for said .piston forming therewith an internal passageway, and means for forcing air through said passa eway, substantially as specified. I

8. n an explosive engine, the combination of a cylinder, a shaft, a hollow pisten, a liner for said piston forming therewith an internal passageway, means for forcing air through said passageway, and perforated flanges projecting into said passageway from said piston and arranged transversely of said passageway, substantially asspecified.

9. In an explosive engine, the combination yof a hollow cylinder having an aperture between the ends thereof, a closed crank case, a hollowpiston in said cylinder also having an a erture in its sidewall intermediate the ends t ereof, a casing in said piston and forming therewith a assageway extending from the a erture in tl'ie piston around and within the c osed end of the same, said casing having an aperture establishing communication between the assageway and the crank case, substantial y as specified.

10. In an explosive engine, the combination of a cylinder having an aperture between the ends thereof, a'closed crank case, ahollow piston in said cylinder also having an aperture in.its side wall intermediate the ends thereof, a casing in said piston and formin therewith a passageway extending le aperture in the piston around and within the closed end ol the same, said casing having an aperture establishing communication between the end of the passageway opposite the former aperture and the crank case, and erforated flanges carried by said piston and) extending transversely of said passageway, substantially as specified.

11. In an explosive engine, the combination of ay cylinder, a hollow piston therein, a casing within said piston and forming therewith a passageway, perforated flanges interposed between said casing and piston, and means ,for causing air to flow in opposite directions through said passageway and the perfo'rations in the flanges, substantially as specified.

12. Inv an explosive engine, the combination of a cylinder, a piston therein, a casing within said piston and forming therewith a assageway, perforated flanges interposed" etweencasin and piston, and means for causing air to ow in alternately opposite directions through said passageway and the perforations in the flanges, substantially'as specified.

13.. In an explosive engine, the combination ofa closed crank case, a cylinder, a piston therein, perforated flanges pro'ecting inwardly from the closed end of t e piston, perforated flanges projecting inwardly from the hollow body of the piston, a casing within said iston spaced from the closed end portion t ereof and forming therewith a passageway, said casing having an aperture establishing communication between one end of said passageway and the crank case, said pis- .ton and cylinder having perforations or apertures adapted to be brought into line to establish communication between the opposite end of said passageway and the atmosphere, substantially as specified.

14. In an explosive engine, the combination of a closed crank case, a cylinder, a piston therein, perforated iianges projecting inwardly from the closed end of the piston, perforated flanges projecting inwardly from the hollow bodyof the piston, a casing within said iston spaced from the closed end portion t ereof and forming therewith a passageway, said casing having a perforation establishing communication between one end of said passageway and the crank case, said piston and cylinder havinfr perforations or apertures adapted to estab ish communication between the opposite end of said passageway and the atmosphere when the piston is at or near the end of its stroke in one direction and a check valve in the crank case adapted to be closed by the piston before it reaches the end of its` stroke 1n the opposite direction, substantially as specified.

15. In an explosive engine, the combination of a cylinder, -a hollow piston therein, va casing within said piston and forming therewith a passageway at the closed end of the piston, and means for automatically forcing air through said passageway by the movement of the piston, substantially as specified.

16. In an explosive engine, the combination ofa cylinder, a hollow piston therein, a casing within said piston and formin therewith a passagewa at the closed emI of the piston, perforatel .flanges extending transversely of said passageway, and means for automaticall forcing air through said passageway by tlie movement of the piston, substantially as specified.

In testimony whereof, I hereunto affix my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

- FRANK L. MANELIK. Witnesses:

W. C. MUMARD, W. C. WALTER. 

